WATER REUSE

Global water stress

Globally, water stress reached a level of 18.6 per cent in 2019. Although it remained at a safe level (below 25 per cent), this average masks substantial regional variations. Northern Africa and Western Asia had a critical level of water stress that year, at 84.1 per cent, an increase of 13 per cent since 2015. More than 733 million people - 10 per cent of the global population - live in countries with high and critical levels of water stress (above 75 per cent).

UN SDGs Goal 6

UN SDGs Goal 6

What is water reuse

Water reuse is the practice of reclaiming water from various sources, treating it, and reusing it for beneficial purposes. It can provide alternative supplies for potable and non-potable uses to enhance water security, sustainability, and resilience.
In the case of municipal wastewater reuse, pathogens and chemical contaminants are removed. To achieve their removal, the treatment process is designed based on the concept of multi-barrier and redundant design.

Water Reclamation Process

Water reclamation process for secondary effluent is typically consists of ultrafiltration,
reverse osmosis, and advanced oxidation process.
Toray provides two key unit process technologies, UF and RO.

UF membrane is applied to remove the suspended solids and pathogens.
RO membrane is applied to remove dissolved constituents and trace organics and chemicals.

ULTRAFILTRATION

Pore Size equivalent to 1/5,000 of a hair
Producing High Quality Pretreated Feedwater to RO
Efficient Operation and Long Life of RO

REMOVES：

Suspended Solids
Colloidal Particles
Bacteria
Viruses

UF Filtrate Backwash IN WWT Secondary Effluent Backwash OUT

REVERSE OSMOSIS

Removing Impurities by Semi-Permeable Membrane
Producing High Quality Reclaimed Water
Best available Technology for removing a great variety of dissolved contaminants

REMOVES：

Agricultural & Organic Material
Multivalent ions
Monovalent ions

UF Filtrate UF Filtrate RO Concentrate RO Permeate RO Concentrate

ADVANCED OXIDATION
PROCESS (AOP)

A combination of chemical treatment
(ozone, hydrogen peroxide and/or UV light
by oxidation through reaction with hydroxyl radicals
Inactivation of viruses
Oxidization of non-biodegradable materials such as aromatics, pesticides and volatile organics

RO Permeate Reclaimed Water to Water Treatment Plant

Products

Functional requirements for membrane filtration technology address the rejection of constituents in the feed water to produce highly-treated wastewater that meets the reclaimed water quality requirements.
Toray Membranes are designed to achieve the target water quality and fully integrity tested before shipping.

Toray MBR

Flat-sheet PVDF MBR handles high suspended solids loading and produces high-quality effluent.

Calculate the optimal number of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) modules for your water treatment project.

Design Tool
Toray UF

Hollow-fiber PVDF UF membranes with a 0.01 μm nominal pore size boast one of the industry’s strongest fibers.

Calculate the optimal number of Ultrafiltration (UF) modules for your water treatment project.

Design Tool
Toray RO

High-performance RO membrane elements that feature durable membrane chemistries for reliable and efficient operation.

Download our free software and start designing your Reverse Osmosis (RO) water treatment system.

Design Tool

Case Study

Toray’s membrane products helping solve real-world challenges and applications.

Featured Case Study

Recycling Water:
Life’s Most Precious Resource

As Southern California suffers an epic drought, a global materials innovator is playing a unique role in securing a sustainable water supply for millions of people.